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- Accessing
Free Databases via the Public Library Can Boost Your Online
Research Productivity
- Attorneys
can use library databases to find what
they might otherwise have to pay for
- by
- Carole
Levitt J.D.
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-
- It is now commonplace
for a library to post its card catalog free on the Internet. This catalog
(referred to as an OPAC Online Public Access Catalog) allows
Internet users to peruse a library's catalog at their homes or offices
and locate a book before having to travel to the library to retrieve
it. To add to the convenience, many OPACs even show whether the book
is available for checkout.
-
- The newest development
in this welcome trend is that libraries are now providing library patrons
with free remote access to select databases, including for-pay databases.
For the most part, these databases are not legal research databases
but instead are business, news, investigative, and financial databases
that contain information that often proves necessary to the practice
of law. The wealth of factual information found in these databases can
augment an attorneys research and can be used for client development.
-
- Find
Your Local Library
- Many libraries
around the country offer remote access to databases to their patrons.
The availability of this remote access varies widely from library to
library though. To find out which public libraries offer database access,
visit their Web sites. To find a public librarys URL, use the
Lib Web site (found at http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Libweb)
or LibDex at http://www.libdex.com.
If a library does have remote access, users must have a library card.
(Some libraries also require a password, which typically is ones
zip code.) Obtaining a card is usually easyit too can be done
over the Web at many library Web sites. However, one must retrieve the
card in person, not remotely. Once the card is in hand, however, entering
the library card number into the librarys remote access database
Web page opens the door to a wealth of free information.
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Libraries
Around the Country May Also be Available to You
- Just as there
are no geographical boundaries on the Internet, often few or none exist
for library membership. So, for illustrative purposes I will use the
Los Angeles Public Library (LAPL - at http://www.lapl.org)
as my example to illustrate the wealth of information available via
these databases. There are a number of reasons I have selected LAPL,
the least of which is that it is my hometown library. LAPL offers remote
access to a good cross-section of databases that are also offered by
other institutions. Additionally, one does not have to be a resident
of the city of Los Angeles to get a library card. (See http://librarycard.lapl.org.)
-
- For those who do
not mind paying a $100 fee, the New York Public Library (NYPL) also
allows outside residents to apply for a library card. (See http://www.nypl.org/branch/idescriptions.html
for a list of NYPL's remote databases.)
-
- However, those
who do not live in Los Angeles or New York must factor in the cost of
a plane ticket, because users must retrieve their new card in person.
-
- It is wise, therefore,
to visit a few library sites to review their offerings before deciding
where to apply for a library card. To view an alphabetical list of remote
databases (and some additional ones available only at the librarys
inhouse computers) click on the menu at the bottom of the page. Each
database has an indication of whether it allows remote access, access
only at the Central Library, or access at the Central Library and the
branches. LAPLs database site also offers a subject guide to the
available databases and a link to a descriptive list of the databases.
Where LAPL offers access to local or state-specific resources (e.g.
Los Angeles Times, libraries in other cities may offer access
to their own regional news sources).
-
- LAPLs remote
access databases include:
- American Business
Disc (Reference USA), which lists more than 12 million companies compiled
from nationwide yellow pages, searchable by name, industry, geographic
location, or size. This database also allows for searches of more than
120 million residential listings.
- Associations Unlimited:
This database offers descriptions of more than 135,000 international
and U.S. national, regional, state, and local membership organizations
in all fields.
- Biography Resource
Center: This is a comprehensive database of biographical information
on more than 275,000 individuals. Compiled from many sources, the database
includes the complete Marquis Whos Who.
- Business &
Company Resource Center (Infotrac/Gale): This resource unifies company
profiles, company brand information, rankings, investment reports, company
histories, chronologies, and periodicals.
- Business Resources
(Gale): This lists roughly 200,000 U.S. companies, along with company
histories, essays regarding 54 industrial categories, industry statistics,
market share reports, and company rankings.
- California Manufacturers
Register (Harris InfoSource): This database offers researchers indepth
information on 37,000 California companies and can be searched and sorted
by fields.
- General Business
File ASAP: This searchable database offers general, health, and business
sections; abstracts; and full-text periodicals.
- General Reference
Center: This database provides access to full-text articles and images
of articles from most general inter est magazines, reference books,
and newspapers.
- Infotrac One File
(Gale): Users can search this database for news and periodical articles
on business, computers, current events, economics, education, environmental
issues, health, hobbies, humanities, law, literature and art, politics,
science, social science, sports, and technology.
- Investext: This
offers the complete texts of more than 750,000 international company
and industry reports published by approximately 320 of the worlds
leading investment banks, brokerage firms, and consulting and research
firms.
- Los Angeles Times
(News Bank): This service provides the complete, full-text content of
the newspapers local and regional news stories. Paid advertisements
are excluded.
- Oxford English
Dictionary: Rather than struggle with heavy volumes, users can search
this online version of the 20-volume Oxford English Dictionary, Second
Edition, and the 3 supplemental volumes.
- Physicians
Desk Reference (PDR): This pharmaceutical reference includes prescription
and nonprescription drugs, and Stedmans Medical Dictionary.
- Proquest General
Interest Magazines: This database offers citations, abstracts, and the
full text of academic and popular publications.
- Standard and Poor
s Net Advantage: This database contains descriptive and financial data
on U.S. and non-U.S. corporations. Three files are provided: Executives,
Private Companies, and Public Companies.
- World Book Encyclopedia:
This reference offers information on a range of topics.
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article continues below v
Potential
Uses
Attorneys often need
to investigate the background of clients, the opposition, or an expert
witness. After searching through the usual legal research sources such
as case law and dockets, searching for factual infor-mation is in order.
LAPLs full-text newspaper article databases are useful for this.
For example, while investigating the background of a Los Angeles securities
broker, I first ran his name through the Los Angeles Times News Bank but
found nothing. I turned to a broader database, InfoTrac, which includes
32,564,086 articles from domestic and international news-papers and magazines
(updated daily). In an Arizona newspaper article, I found that he had
defrauded clients in Arizona before moving on to California. I also learned
that his license had been suspended. This search took a few minutes, cost
nothing, and saved me from dealing with him. To search InfoTrac efficiently,
reading the Help screens is advised. InfoTrac allows keyword and prox-imity
searching and allows users to manipu-late results lists into detailed
lists of subtopics.
Client
Development
Information gleaned
from many of these remote databases can serve as client development tools.
Using the factual and statistical information found in the business- and
finance-oriented remote databases, one can gather competitive intelligence
about people, products, and companies. Using this intelli-gence can assist
one in finding and targeting potential clients. For example, an attorney
who wants to represent record labels in a particular geographic location
with a specific sales volume can use RefUSAs Custom Report tool,
which allows one to create a list of potential clients based upon specific
crite-ria selected by the user to create a custom report. An attorney
can select to search by the following criteria: 1) geographic location
(city, state, or zip code), 2) SIC (Standard Industrial Classification)
code (select the SIC code for record labels from a drop-down menu of SIC
codes), and 3) sales volume (select the sales volume criteria).
Once the criteria for the custom report is selected, a template is gen-erated
automatically and specific information can be entered into the reports
template. In this example, I entered: 1) $500,000 to $1 million for sales
volume, 2) seven zip codes for geographic location, and 3) SIC code 7389-47
for the record label classification. A report with eight companies that
met all the criteria was then generated. It displayed the company name,
address, phone and fax numbers, number of employees, and sales revenue.
The report can be downloaded into an Excel spreadsheet, and from there
an attorney can begin to market to this target group.
The convenience of
being able to search remotely through the full text of so many databases
for information and to read and print the information from ones
office or home computer surpasses anything imagined even just a few years
ago. To say that the free remote access to library databases is a valuable
resource is an understatement. It not only saves a commute to the library,
it allows access to amazing amounts of useful information for free and
saves attorneys from investing in database subscriptions they need only
occasionally.
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